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Erythema Ab Igne and Malignant Transformation to Squamous Cell Carcinoma | JoVE Visualize

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Erythema Ab Igne and Malignant Transformation to Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Elizabeth G Wilder¹, Jillian H Frieder¹, M Alan Menter¹

¹Baylor University Medical Center, Division of Dermatology, Dallas, Texas, USA.

Cutis|March 2, 2021

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Summary

Erythema ab igne (EAI) is a skin condition from prolonged heat exposure, causing redness and skin changes. While usually benign, it may increase the risk of developing squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).

Area of Science:

Dermatology
Cutaneous Medicine

Background:

Erythema ab igne (EAI) is a skin reaction to chronic, low-level heat exposure.
It classically presents as reticular erythema with hyperpigmentation, atrophy, and telangiectasias, typically on lower extremities and back.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the causes, clinical presentation, and potential malignant transformation of Erythema ab igne.
To highlight the evolving etiologies of EAI beyond traditional heat sources.

Main Methods:

Review of clinical and histological features of Erythema ab igne.
Analysis of literature on causes and long-term sequelae of EAI.

Main Results:

EAI is caused by prolonged infrared heat exposure from sources like heating pads, laptops, and space heaters, not just open fires.
Histological examination in later stages may reveal squamous atypia, indicating potential for malignant change.
A subset of EAI patients face an elevated risk for cutaneous malignancies, notably squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).

Conclusions:

Erythema ab igne is a significant indicator of chronic heat exposure with potential for malignant transformation.
Awareness of modern heat sources causing EAI is crucial for early diagnosis and management to prevent progression to skin cancer.

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Erythema Ab Igne And Malignant Transformation To Squamous Cell Carcinoma