Intraoperative fusion of field images with CT/MRI data by means of a stereotactic mechanical arm

Area of Science:

• Neurosurgery
• Medical Robotics
• Image-Guided Surgery

Background:

• Minimally invasive neurosurgery requires precise instrument navigation and accurate intraoperative imaging.
• Integration of preoperative imaging data with intraoperative tools is crucial for complex procedures.

Purpose of the Study:

• To describe a novel neurosurgical articulated arm system.
• To integrate the arm with 3-D rendering for enhanced visualization and instrument support.
• To facilitate minimally invasive neurosurgical procedures.

Main Methods:

• Development of a neurosurgical articulated arm with fail-safe electromagnetic brakes.
• Integration with a 3-D graphic rendering system using stereotactically acquired CT, MRI, and DSA images.
• Calibration of the arm using the head holder as a common reference system.

Main Results:

• The system displays patient anatomy volumetrically and the arm's orientation in stereotactic space.
• The articulated arm supports various imaging sources (endoscope, echography, CCD camera).
• Stereotactic integration of intraoperative images with preoperative data is achieved.

Conclusions:

• The described neurosurgical articulated arm system enhances precision in minimally invasive procedures.
• It provides real-time visualization and instrument support, improving surgical accuracy.
• This technology aids in navigating complex cerebral lesions and surrounding tissues.